10 Frequently Asked 529 Plan Questions

 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)We can usually find something to complain about when we discuss our taxes or the government. But when they do something right we should tell everyone about it. One of those things they did right was to establish 529 plans for college savings. The ability to save for college tax free is a great opportunity. It not only encourages you, it rewards you by not having to pay taxes on the growth.

I find that there is some confusion about how 529 plans work so I listed ten frequently asked questions:

What Is a 529 Plan?
529 college savings plan allows family members to save money for a child's education, invest that money and remove the income from their initial investment tax-free for educational expenses.

Do you need to have a child before starting a 529 Plan?
A 529 plan is a good investment option for anyone who wants to cover educational expenses, not just those with children. If you know that you want to have children or adopt, you can start a 529 at any time and the funds will be available to you when you finally do become a parent. If you don't want children or end up not having them due to life circumstances or health, you can use the funds you have in the plan for your own betterment and career advancement.

Can I have more than one 529 Plan?
Each 529 plan has both an owner, who is the one contributing to it and a beneficiary, who is the person who can withdraw the money for college expenses. There are no limits for how many times a child can be listed as the beneficiary on a 529 plan. For example, a child's parents and grandparents might each open a plan for that child. In addition, there is no limit for how many plans a beneficiary can open.

Can You Have 529 Plans for Both Kids or Just One Plan?
Having a separate 529 plan for each child allows you to devise a custom investment strategy for each child's financial needs. If one child is a newborn or toddler, you may invest more aggressively in a 529 plan, as you have more time to recover potential investment losses from higher-risk investments. If you have a child who's in middle school or high school, you may choose to move investments under that child's 529 plan to more conservative investments to minimize losses.

Can You Pay a Mortgage With a 529 Plan?
You cannot use withdrawals from a 529 plan for anything other than qualified high education expenses (QHEE). In general, the IRS lists QHEE as tuition and fees, supplies, such as textbooks, items necessary to do schoolwork, such as a laptop used primarily for education purposes, and room and board for students attending school at least half-time. Thus, you may not use 529 savings to pay for your mortgage.

What Are Qualified Expenses for 529 Plans?

Tuition and Expenses You may pay for tuition and expenses related to an eligible educational institution with money that you saved, and interest earned, in your 529 plan. The IRS defines an eligible educational institution as just about any accredited public, nonprofit and private post-secondary schools. Eligible expenses can include books, supplies or equipment necessary to enroll or attend the institution.
Technology As of 2009, computer technology is an expense that can to be paid from 529 plan funds. This was added to the list of eligible expenses under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Computer technology includes any computer and related equipment such as a scanner or printer. This eligible expense does not include software or related devices used for entertainment or hobbies.
Special Needs Expenses If the person benefiting from the 529 plan has special needs or requires special services to attend school, those costs are eligible, according the the IRS. The special needs must be connected to being enrolled at an eligible educational institution. An example of an eligible expense would be the cost associated with making a room handicapped-accessible for a student living in a dorm, if the school has not already adequately done so.
Room and Board The IRS allows you to use the money saved and earned in a 529 plan to pay for room and board as long as the student is enrolled at least half-time. However, there are some limitations. The amount spent on room and board must be no greater than the amount determined by the institution as the allowance for room and board, or the actual amount charged for room and board by the institution for institution-owned housing. Otherwise, the expenses may not be eligible.

Can I Use a 529 Plan for High School?
As of 2011, the Internal Revenue Service does not let taxpayers use a 529 plan to pay costs for high school. You may only use contributions to a 529 plan to pay expenses at an eligible institution. In general, eligible institutions consist of any accredited vocational school, university or college. If you withdraw money from a 529 plan to pay for high school tuition, the IRS will charge a 10 percent penalty on the distributions, on top of whatever you pay in income tax.

How to Close a 529 College Plan
Contact the plan manager for the account. You will find contact information on account statements. Inform the plan manager’s customer representative that you want to close the account. At the end of the year, the plan manager will send you a 1099-Q form stating the earnings on the account. Fill-out the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 5329 – Part II. File that form along with the 1099-Q form that you received from the plan manager with your other income tax reporting forms in the same year that you close the 529 account.

How Much Money Can You Put Into a 529 Plan?
A college savings 529 plan had a maximum contribution amount of more than $200,000 as of September 2010. Although no limit for a prepaid plan exists, you contribute funds into the account in a lump sum and installment format, based on the current age of the beneficiary and the number of years of college that you want to purchase.

How to Set Up a 529 Plan for Your Child
Contact your brokerage firm about your state's 529 savings plan. You do not have to use your state's 529 plan, however. Your broker will have information on the plans available through your state. Fill out an application. Fill out an application for a 529 plan with your broker if you plan on using him as your investment adviser. 


Contribute money to the plan. You may elect to have automatic contributions deposited into the plan's account. These contributions will come from your checking account. Choose investments in the plan that are appropriate for building a savings for your child. A 529 plan normally contains mutual funds. 


A Gift for Both Parent and Child.


Saving money for college with a 529 plan is not only a benefit for the future college student, it is also a plus for the parents who have a tax free way to invest funds for their child's education. You should coordinate these investments with your financial adviser to meet your child's future savings needs.

College Savings vs. Retirement Savings - How To Strike A Balance

Retirement (Photo credit: Tax Credits)

Saving money for both college and retirement goals at the same time can be challenging. The cost of a college education continues to rise faster than inflation, at roughly 5 percent per year. According to the College Board, the average costs for four years at a private college is now more than $150,000 — including $38,589 for the 2012-13 school year. Even going to your state’s university, it runs close to half that total at an average of  $17,131 a year. This is peanuts compared to what you need to save for retirement.

With the good intentions of keeping their kids out of debt, parents are footing the bill for college costs. They are putting thousands of dollars away for college expenses that would of otherwise gone to retirement savings. A recent study from Ameriprise Financial shows that only 24 percent of baby boomers were saving any money for retirement, in 2007 the percentage was 44 percent. Many college parents will be experiencing substantially reduced retirement lifestyles because of their kindness. 

Prioritize.

Put retirement saving back where it should be, "first". Your kids can finance college or attend a college where the costs are more in line with the families finances. Sacrificing your retirement plan to help your kids is never a good idea. Your kids will understand, besides tell them if you don't save for retirement you will have to move in with them when your old. That will help them get the picture.

Start Early.

The key to saving for anything is to start early. Start saving for college when the child is born. Waiting even a few years causes you to have to save more monthly and the amount of compound growth will be greatly reduce. Even just saving $50 or $100 per month will help you accumulate a large college fund after 18 years. Set up a 529 college savings plan to take advantage of the tax-free withdrawals for education costs.

Make it a Family Project.

Include your children in their college savings plan. Over the years, your children receive cash gifts for birthdays and holidays. A large portion of those gifts should be put in the college saving account. It's a good lesson in teaching your children the importance of saving and participating in the families financial goals. Why should the parents be the sole provider of college finances? Teaching your children the value of paying their own way has incredible benefits all through their adult lives.

Pick an Affordable College.

Pick a college the family can afford. A prestigious college is all well and good if you have the cash to pay for it. But if the family doesn't, is it worth putting the family in massive debt for only four years of college, just to have a diploma from an ivy league school. Other ways to save college costs is to attend a local two year community college and finish at the more expensive college. Staying in state will also afford you much more savings than traveling out of state.

Remember parents, giving your children a good college education doesn't have to mean breaking the bank and sacrificing your own retirement. It is possible to do both in a reasonable way. 

Social Security Fund Depletion Set To Occur Sooner Than Expected

 (Photo credit: Wikipedia)According to a Summary of the 2012 Annual Reports by the Social Security and Medicare Board of Trustees, Social Security is expected to have depleted its funds a few years sooner than originally expected.

Social Security’s trustees released new estimates of the benefit program, funded through dedicated payroll taxes that are intended to provide Americans a degree of economic security as they grow old and/or become disabled, predicting the retirement portion of the program will run dry by 2035. The United States’ single largest program benefits 44 million senior citizens and survivors of deceased workers.

The program’s Disability Insurance fund, supporting 11 million disabled Americans, is expected to run dry in 2016, and Medicare is now projected to be out of funds by 2024.

The trustees said that to keep the Social Security trust funds solvent over the next 75 years, Congress could take a number of steps:

• increase the payroll tax rate from its current level of 12.4 percent to 15.01 percent;
• reduce benefits by 16.2 percent;
• find alternative sources of revenue;
• adopt some combination of these approaches.

For my fellow mid 50 year olds, these numbers are not going to effect us. We will be receiving our check fully funded by the government. It's the 20, 30, and 40 year old workers who are going to pay the price for the governments mismanagement of the Social Security System. They are paying into a system that will probably never be able to give them the same level of benefit we see today.

Contactless Payments Good For Mastercard But Bad For Consumers

Universal contactless smart card reader symbol (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

We all know that when using credit cards to make purchases we tend to spend 18% more than if we used cash. The convenience of a credit credit and its psychological detachment from real money makes us spend more. Don't think it can get worse than that? With the current introduction of contactless payment methods we now are going to spend 30 percent more, according to a new study released by Mastercard.

Contactless payments come about when credit cards or smart phones that feature smart chips implanted with radio frequency identification, generally referred to as RFID. Consumers merely "wave" the card or smart phone across a payment terminal instead of having to "swipe" the card through the terminal.

Contactless payment methods are becoming a lot more common. Visa has lately ushered in PayWave; MasterCard has PayPass and American Express has

Express Pay. The MasterCard study anticipates 150 million mobile devices will be contactless enabled within the next a couple of years.

The MasterCard study took some of their customers and divided the accounts into low, medium and high spend segments according to their monthly spending prior to ushering in the contactless payment methods. The 30% increase in spending was consistent across all three segments.

The study also found that after the first contactless transaction, users spend an average of 25 percent more online, 64 percent more abroad and 20 percent

more in recurring payments.

"While this increased spending may be good news for banks and retailers, contactless payments can be dangerous to the household budget," says Bill Hardekopf, CEO of LowCards.com. "You can now make a purchase with just a wave of your phone without a thought about how much the purchase really costs. It could make it too easy for some people to buy something spontaneously or throw a few more items into the shopping cart. Making good spending decisions takes analysis and discipline. We probably need to feel the pain of money leaving our bank account to help us evaluate if we can afford it and if we really need it."

Investing In Gold Takes Many Forms

American Gold Eagle (Photo credit: Wikipedia)I always found investing a fascinating subject. Having your money work for you and growing in value made a lot of sense to me. Sending your money off to your financial planner to invest for you is what most people usually do. But some investors choose a different path and invest in gold and choose to physically hold the gold in their possession, which they can't do with a paper share investment.

Gold is one of the few investments where you can actually see and hold it. Many people combine their investing goals with their love of coin collecting by investing in gold coins. Many countries issue their own gold coins like the American Eagle, Canadian Maple Leaf, the South African Krugerrand, and the Austrian Philharmonic.

The U.S. government issues gold coins which are authorized by the U.S. Congress, minted at the U.S. Mint and produced with a U.S. Mint mark and U.S. Dollar denomination...making them Legal Tender.

The US Money Reserve offers a wide variety of gold numismatic coins including American Eagle proof gold coins and modern Congressional gold coins available in mint and proof grades. Many gold coin investors realize the added value and security of holding gold coins minted by the U.S government and which are also legal tender.

Gold and gold coins can be a part of a diversified investment strategy. Being weighted in any investment to a great percentage is not good investment practice. But being diversified is good practice and gold can be a small part of that.

Will The Facebook IPO Be A Boom Or Bust For Investors?

                         (Photo credit: Wikipedia)This week the Facebook IPO will hit the street with much anticipation. Something this big will be good for the market and may help raise the over mood of the traders. But is it good for the average investor? I am so temped to get in on this IPO and own a piece of the Facebook phenomenon. But is it good for me and my overall goals.

My investment plan consists of building a portfolio of low expense index funds and Facebook is a detour in my plan. What is it about the IPO that is drawing me to it like a moth to the flame? Lets remove the emotion and go to the numbers.

Thomas Baekdal at Baekdal.com had a great Google+ post comparing it to Ford Motor Company. He wrote: 

- Ford has 36 times higher revenue- Ford has 8 times higher profit- Ford has 8 times as many assets (including a much larger cash reserve)- ...but Ford is valued at only 41% of Facebook's expected market cap. 

More to the point. Ford's market cap is valued at 70% of their total assets. Meaning that if Ford where to closed down today, the investors could just sell the assets and get their money back.

But Facebook is valued 1,370% higher than what they have in assets, meaning that if Facebook closed down today, we are talking serious financial loss.
This is the dot.com era all over again. Value is being determined based on activity (page views, ad impressions, users), instead of real things like... you know... money and assets.

At the high end of a projected range of $28 to $35 a share, Facebook would be valued at 99 times its earnings, a higher multiple than 99 percent of companies in the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index, according to Bloomberg Business week.

When looking at the numbers, the urge to buy this stock is fading. No matter what happens, the Facebook IPO should go down in stock market history. Look for this weeks Facebook IPO, with its stock market symbol (FB) and buy a share for me.